Shattered Selves and stolen potential: Exploring the effects of Narcissistic Abuse on Women’s learning and Self-actualization

Abstract

This paper examines how narcissistic abuse undermines women’s capacity to learn, grow, and ultimately hampers their self-actualization. Drawing on feminist theory, trauma studies, and adult learning research, it explores the psychological mechanisms-gaslighting, chronic criticism, and coercive control—that fracture a woman’s sense of identity and erode confidence in her own intellect. These tactics create a climate of fear and self-doubt that constricts cognitive engagement, disrupts memory and concentration, and limits opportunities for formal and informal education. Through a qualitative synthesis of survivor narratives, clinical findings, and educational case studies, the study highlights how the long-term effects of narcissistic abuse manifest installed careers, interrupted schooling, and diminished creative expression. Yet the research also illuminates pathways to recovery: community support, trauma-informed pedagogy, and self-directed learning emerge as critical resources for rebuilding autonomy and reclaiming a coherent sense of self. By mapping the intersection of gender-based psychological violence and educational potential, this work calls for academic institutions, mental-health professionals, and policymakers to recognize narcissistic abuse as a profound barrier to women’s lifelong learning and self-realization.